Initial commit

.gitignore

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+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+
+.idea/
+.*~
+.*.sw[op]

README.md

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+# pkgsync
+
+pkgsync synchronizes packages between two servers.
+
+
+### Usage
+
+On the reference server:
+```shell
+pkgsync export packages.json
+```
+
+On the outdated server:
+```shell
+# yum
+pkgsync import packages.json | xargs yum --assumeyes install
+
+# apt
+pkgsync import packages.json | xargs apt -y install
+```
+
+
+### Caveats
+
+ - Servers must be the same Linux distribution
+ - Servers must be the same major release
+ - Repositories must be the same between servers
+

pkgsync

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+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# pkgsync: Help synchronize packages between systems
+
+from __future__ import print_function, with_statement
+
+import glob
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sqlite3
+import sys
+
+from contextlib import closing
+
+RH_FAMILY = ('centos', 'ol', 'rhel', 'rockylinux')
+DEB_FAMILY = ('debian', 'ubuntu')
+
+DIST_FAMILIES = RH_FAMILY + DEB_FAMILY
+
+logger = logging.getLogger()
+
+
+class HistoryFileNotFoundError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+def detect_distro():
+    """Get the Linux distribution"""
+    distro = None
+
+    if os.path.exists('/etc/oracle-release'):
+        distro = 'ol'
+    elif os.path.exists('/etc/centos-release'):
+        distro = 'centos'
+    elif os.path.exists('/etc/redhat-release'):
+        distro = 'rhel'
+
+    elif os.path.exists('/etc/os-release'):
+        with open('/etc/os-release') as fi:
+            lines = fi.readlines()
+        for line in lines:
+            key, value = line.split('=', 1)
+            if key == 'ID':
+                distro = value.strip()
+                break
+    return distro
+
+
+def compare_version(a, b):
+    """Compare package versions"""
+    re_digits_non_digits = re.compile(r'\d+|\D+')
+    re_digits = re.compile(r'\d+')
+    re_digit = re.compile(r'\d')
+
+    def order(c):
+        if c == '~':
+            return -1
+        if re_digit.match(c):
+            return int(c) + 1
+        if re_alpha.match(c):
+            return ord(c)
+        return ord(c) + 256
+
+    def compare_parts(p1, p2):
+        if p1 is None:
+            p1 = ''
+        if p2 is None:
+            p2 = ''
+
+        lhs = re_digits_non_digits.findall(p1)
+        rhs = re_digits_non_digits.findall(p2)
+
+        while lhs or rhs:
+            left = '0'
+            right = '0'
+
+            if lhs:
+                left = lhs.pop(0)
+            if rhs:
+                right = rhs.pop(0)
+
+            if re_digits.match(left) and re_digits.match(right):
+                val_left = int(left)
+                val_right = int(right)
+
+                if val_left < val_right:
+                    return 1
+                if val_left > val_right:
+                    return -1
+            else:
+                rv = compare_str(left, right)
+                if rv != 0:
+                    return rv
+        return 0
+
+    def compare_str(s1, s2):
+        lhs = [order(c) for c in s1]
+        rhs = [order(c) for c in s2]
+
+        while lhs or rhs:
+            left = '0'
+            right = '0'
+
+            if lhs:
+                left = lhs.pop(0)
+            if rhs:
+                right = rhs.pop(0)
+
+            if left < right:
+                return 1
+            if left > right:
+                return -1
+        return 0
+
+    e1 = int(a.get('epoch', 0))
+    e2 = int(b.get('epoch', 0))
+
+    if e1 < e2:
+        return 1
+    if e1 > e2:
+        return -1
+
+    re_alpha = re.compile(r'[A-Za-z]')
+
+    v1 = a.get('version')
+    v2 = b.get('version')
+
+    rc = compare_parts(v1, v2)
+
+    if rc != 0:
+        return rc
+
+    r1 = a.get('release')
+    r2 = b.get('release')
+
+    rc = compare_parts(r1, r2)
+
+    if rc != 0:
+        return rc
+
+    return 0
+
+
+def dict_factory(cursor, row):
+    d = dict()
+    for idx, col in enumerate(cursor.description):
+        d[col[0]] = row[idx]
+    return d
+
+
+def get_yum_history_db():
+    """Get the latest yum history database"""
+    databases = glob.glob('/var/lib/yum/history/history-*-*-*.sqlite')
+    reversed(sorted(databases))
+    logger.debug('SQLite databases found: {0}'.format(', '.join(databases)))
+
+    for db in databases:
+        filename = os.path.basename(db)
+        date = filename[filename.find('-') + 1:filename.rfind('.')]
+        # validate filename
+        parts = date.split('-', 4)
+
+        if len(parts) != 3:
+            continue
+        try:
+            [int(p) for p in parts]
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+        logger.info('Using database: {0}'.format(db))
+        return db
+    logger.info('No valid database found')
+    return None
+
+
+def list_packages_yum():
+    """List packages installed by yum"""
+    history_db = get_yum_history_db()
+
+    if history_db is None:
+        return None
+
+    if sys.version_info.major == 2:
+        db_url = history_db
+    else:
+        db_url = 'file:///{0}?mode=ro'.format(history_db)
+
+    logger.debug('Connecting to {0}'.format(db_url))
+
+    with closing(sqlite3.connect(db_url)) as conn:
+        conn.row_factory = dict_factory
+        with closing(conn.cursor()) as cur:
+            cur.execute("""SELECT name, arch, epoch, version, release, state
+                            FROM trans_data_pkgs
+                            JOIN pkgtups ON
+                            trans_data_pkgs.pkgtupid = pkgtups.pkgtupid
+                            JOIN trans_beg ON
+                            trans_beg.tid = trans_data_pkgs.tid
+                            ORDER BY timestamp ASC""")
+
+            rows = cur.fetchall()
+
+    logger.info('Found {0} rows'.format(len(rows)))
+
+    results = dict()
+
+    for row in rows:
+        name = row['name']
+        arch = row['arch']
+        package = '{0}:{1}'.format(name, arch)
+
+        state = row['state']
+
+        if state in ('Install', 'True-Install', 'Dep-Install', 'Upgrade', 'Update', 'Obsoleting'):
+            logger.debug('+++ {0}: {1}'.format(state, row))
+            results[package] = dict(
+                name=name,
+                arch=arch,
+                epoch=row['epoch'],
+                release=row['release'],
+                version=row['version'],
+            )
+        elif state in ('Erase', 'Obsoleted'):
+            logger.debug('--- {0}: {1}'.format(state, row))
+            if package in results:
+                del results[package]
+        else:
+            logger.debug('... {0}: {1}'.format(state, row))
+
+    logger.info('Total packages: {0}'.format(len(results)))
+    return results
+
+
+def list_packages_dnf():
+    """List packages installed by dnf"""
+
+    # https://github.com/rpm-software-management/libdnf/blob/9a0e17562b19586b3ffa70fa93eb961b558794c7/libdnf/transaction/Types.hpp
+    # INSTALL = 1,       // a new package that was installed on the system
+    # DOWNGRADE = 2,     // an older package version that replaced previously installed version
+    # DOWNGRADED = 3,    // an original package version that was replaced
+    # OBSOLETE = 4,      //
+    # OBSOLETED = 5,     //
+    # UPGRADE = 6,       //
+    # UPGRADED = 7,      //
+    # REMOVE = 8,        // a package that was removed from the system
+    # REINSTALL = 9,     // a package that was reinstalled with the identical version
+    # REINSTALLED = 10,  // a package that was reinstalled with the identical version (old repo, for example)
+    # REASON_CHANGE = 11 // a package was kept on the system but it's reason has changed
+
+    history_db = '/var/lib/dnf/history.sqlite'
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(history_db):
+        return None
+
+    if sys.version_info.major == 2:
+        db_url = history_db
+    else:
+        db_url = 'file:///{0}?mode=ro'.format(history_db)
+
+    logger.info('Connecting to {0}'.format(db_url))
+    with closing(sqlite3.connect(db_url)) as conn:
+        conn.row_factory = dict_factory
+        with closing(conn.cursor()) as cur:
+            cur.execute("""SELECT name, arch, epoch, version, release, action
+                            FROM trans_item
+                            JOIN trans ON trans_item.trans_id = trans.id
+                            JOIN rpm ON rpm.item_id = trans_item.item_id
+                            ORDER BY dt_end ASC""")
+            rows = cur.fetchall()
+
+    logger.info('Found {0} rows'.format(len(rows)))
+
+    results = dict()
+    for row in rows:
+        name = row['name']
+        arch = row['arch']
+        action = row['action']
+        package = '{0}:{1}'.format(name, arch)
+
+        if action in (1, 6):  # INSTALL, UPGRADE
+            results[package] = dict(
+                name=name,
+                arch=arch,
+                epoch=row['epoch'],
+                release=row['release'],
+                version=row['version']
+            )
+        elif row['action'] in (5, 8):  # OBSOLETED, REMOVE
+            if package in results:
+                del results[package]
+    return results
+
+
+def parse_dpkg_status():
+    def split_field(l):
+        if ':' in l:
+            field, value = l.split(':', 1)
+            return field, value.strip()
+        return l, None
+
+    with open('/var/lib/dpkg/status', 'r') as fi:
+        lines = fi.readlines()
+
+    packages = list()
+    package = dict()
+    last_field = None
+
+    for line in lines:
+        line = line.rstrip('\n')
+
+        # starting a new package entry
+        if line == '' and package:
+            packages.append(package)
+            package = dict()
+            continue
+
+        # continuation of the previous field
+        if line.startswith(' '):
+            package[last_field] += line
+        else:
+            field, value = split_field(line)
+            package[field] = value
+            last_field = field
+
+    if package:  # just in case the file doesn't end with a new line
+        packages.append(package)
+    return packages
+
+
+def list_packages_dpkg():
+    """Get list of packages installed on a Debian-based system"""
+    def parse_version(ver):
+        e = '0'
+        v = ver
+        if ':' in ver:
+            e = ver[:ver.find(':')]
+            v = ver[ver.find(':') + 1:]
+
+        if '-' in ver:
+            v = ver[:ver.find('-')]
+            r = ver[ver.find('-') + 1:]
+        else:
+            r = None
+        return e, v, r
+
+    packages = parse_dpkg_status()
+
+    results = dict()
+    for package in packages:
+        name = package.get('Package')
+        status = package.get('Status')
+
+        if status != 'install ok installed':
+            logger.debug('Package not installed, skipping: {0}'.format(name))
+            continue
+
+        arch = package.get('Architecture')
+        version_str = package.get('Version')
+        epoch, version, release = parse_version(version_str)
+
+        pkgarch = '{0}:{1}'.format(name, arch)
+        results[pkgarch] = dict(
+            name=name,
+            arch=arch,
+            epoch=epoch,
+            release=release,
+            version=version
+        )
+
+    return results
+
+
+def list_packages(distro):
+    """Get list of packages installed on the system"""
+    packages = list()
+
+    if distro in RH_FAMILY:
+        packages = list_packages_yum()
+        if packages is None:
+            packages = list_packages_dnf()
+            if packages is None:
+                raise HistoryFileNotFoundError()
+    elif distro in DEB_FAMILY:
+        packages = list_packages_dpkg()
+
+    return packages
+
+
+def package_full(d, distro):
+    """Get a string of a package name, arch, version to pass to the package manager"""
+    if distro in RH_FAMILY:
+        return '{name}-{epoch}:{version}-{release}.{arch}'.format(**d)
+    elif distro in DEB_FAMILY:
+        package = ['{name}:{arch}'.format(**d), '=']
+
+        # using explicit 0 epochs don't seem to work, so ignore it
+        epoch = d.get('epoch')
+        if epoch and epoch != '0':
+            package.extend([epoch, ':'])
+
+        version = d.get('version')
+        package.append(version)
+
+        # release is optional
+        release = d.get('release')
+        if release:
+            package.extend(['-', release])
+        return ''.join(package)
+    return '{name}'.format(**d)  # need a better default
+
+
+def package_name(d, distro):
+    """Get the string of the package name and arch to pass to a package manager"""
+    if distro in RH_FAMILY:
+        return '{name}.{arch}'.format(**d)
+    elif distro in DEB_FAMILY:
+        return '{name}:{arch}'.format(**d)
+    return '{name}'.format(**d)
+
+
+def is_valid_input(d):
+    if not isinstance(d, dict):
+        return False
+
+    for k, v in d.items():
+        if not isinstance(k, str) or not isinstance(v, dict):
+            return False
+        if 'name' not in v and 'version' not in v:
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def main(options):
+    logger.debug(options)
+    if options.distro:
+        distro = options.distro
+    else:
+        distro = detect_distro()
+
+    logger.info('Detected distribution: {0}'.format(distro))
+
+    try:
+        current_packages = list_packages(distro)
+    except HistoryFileNotFoundError:
+        logger.error('Could not find package history')
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if options.command == 'export':
+        if options.file == '-':
+            json.dump(current_packages, sys.stdout, indent=2)
+        else:
+            logger.info('Writing to {0}'.format(options.file))
+            with open(options.file, 'w') as fo:
+                json.dump(current_packages, fo)
+
+    elif options.command == 'import':
+        if options.name_only:
+            pkg_name_fn = package_name
+        else:
+            pkg_name_fn = package_full
+
+        if options.file == '-':
+            try:
+                imported_packages = json.load(sys.stdin)
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                sys.exit(1)
+        else:
+            with open(options.file, 'r') as fi:
+                imported_packages = json.load(fi)
+
+        if not is_valid_input(imported_packages):
+            logger.error('Input file is in an invalid format')
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        packages = list()
+
+        if options.upgraded or options.outdated:
+            upgraded_packages = sorted(set(imported_packages).intersection(current_packages))
+            for pkg in upgraded_packages:
+                current = current_packages.get(pkg)
+                imported = imported_packages.get(pkg)
+
+                rc = compare_version(current, imported)
+
+                if rc == 1 and options.upgraded:
+                    logger.debug('Upgrade: {0} (current) - {1} (imported)'.format(current, imported))
+                    packages.append(imported)
+                elif rc == -1 and options.outdated:
+                    logger.debug('Outdated: {0} (current) - {1} (imported)'.format(current, imported))
+                    packages.append(current)
+        elif options.new:
+            new_packages = sorted(set(imported_packages).difference(current_packages))
+            packages = [imported_packages.get(p) for p in new_packages]
+        elif options.removed:
+            removed_packages = sorted(set(current_packages).difference(imported_packages))
+            packages = [current_packages.get(p) for p in removed_packages]
+
+        logger.debug('Packages: {0}', packages)
+        try:
+            for pkg in packages:
+                name = pkg_name_fn(pkg, distro)
+                print(name)
+        except IOError:
+            logger.debug('Broken pipe')
+            sys.exit(0)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import argparse
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+
+    parser.add_argument('--debug', action='store_true')
+    parser.add_argument('--verbose', action='store_true')
+    parser.add_argument('--distro', choices=DIST_FAMILIES,
+                        help='Force distribution')
+
+    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command')
+    subparsers.required = True  # https://bugs.python.org/issue9253
+
+    parser_export = subparsers.add_parser('export')
+    parser_export.add_argument('file', help='export packages to this file')
+
+    parser_import = subparsers.add_parser('import')
+    parser_import.add_argument('file', help='JSON file containing packages')
+    parser_import.add_argument('--name-only', action='store_true',
+                               help='Output package names and architectyure (no version)')
+
+    pkg_group = parser_import.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
+    pkg_group.add_argument('--upgraded', action='store_true',
+                           help='Only show upgraded packages (default)')
+    pkg_group.add_argument('--new', dest='new', action='store_true',
+                           help='Only show new packages')
+    pkg_group.add_argument('--removed', action='store_true',
+                           help='Only show removed packages')
+    pkg_group.add_argument('--outdated', action='store_true',
+                           help='Only show outdated packages')
+    pkg_group.add_argument('--same', action='store_true',
+                           help='Only show matching packages')
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    stderr_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
+    logger.addHandler(stderr_handler)
+
+    if args.debug:
+        logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+    elif args.verbose:
+        logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+    else:
+        logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
+
+    if args.command == 'import':
+        if not any((args.upgraded, args.new,
+                    args.removed, args.outdated, args.same)):
+            args.upgraded = True
+
+    main(args)